Please Read This First

The Honourable Company of Horners has created this Supplementary Blog to enhance the HCH's regular website. We will use this Blog to give you information that does not easily fit within the structure of the other website.
If you would like to highlight an event or item, please send the information and images to: HCHwebmaster@jwwebsolutions.com.
Always check www.HornGuild.org for additions by clicking on the tab just above.

Guest Author

November 10, 2011: Richard Hujsa, HCH Member & Keynote Speaker at Jacobsburg

The 38th Annual Dinner Meeting of the Jacobsburg Historical Society to be held on November 10, 2011

The Jacobsburg Historical Society is pleased to announce that Richard Hujsa will be the Keynote Speaker at their Annual meeting. Rich has been a member of the HCH for several years.

 A lifelong student of Early American rifles made in Southeastern Pennsylvania, Rich is widely known among collectors, scholars, builders, restorers, and shooters of these guns. He has built many Flintlock rifles and restored countless originals. Many years ago, Rich had an idea of starting a Gun Makers Fair. Chuck Dixon was approached and they decided to hold a one time event. 29 years later, Rich Hujsa is still in charge of the Gun Builders competition!

 A life long Deer Hunter and a passionate Turkey Hunter, he has taken many with his Flintlock Rifle and smoothbore guns.

 The membership of the Jacobsburg Historical Society is in for a real treat on November 10th.

- Frank Willis (JH)

Rich Hujsa takes a deer with a rifle of his making.

Exhibit of Rufus Grider Powder Horn Drawings at the Arkell Museum

Now being shown through August 14, 2011 is a partial exhibit of watercolor drawings (16) of Rufus Grider at the Arkell Museum in Canajohorie , NY located in the middle of the historic Mohawk Valley .  For additional information and directions, please feel free to visit their website: http://www.arkellmuseum.org/ I’ve also located additional images of Grider’s drawings in full color at the virtual museum of the NY historical society website: http://emuseum.nyhistory.org:8080/emuseum/ Type in ‘Rufus Grider’ in the search block and hit enter.  Sadly not all the drawings will appear, but you will be very happy with the ones you find. If you’re  interested  in this fascinating look into our past, specifically making or collecting American powder horns, you will enjoy the images. - Freeman Gary Elsenbeck

Guild Supports a Project at the Jacobsburg Historical Society

11 Year Old Tristan Frigm files a horn at Jacobsburg. Photo: Dave Ehrig

Last March, at the annual HCH Conference, the Executive Committee voted to support a request from the Jacobsburg Historical Society (JHS) for funds to renovate a section of their barn complex. This project is to create space for their expanding Early American Craft program. A donation of $2500.00 was approved and a previous donation of $500.00 was to be applied as well. For many years, JHS has offered a rifle building class. The classes soon reached their maximum and are now offered twice a year to accommodate the volume of students. Three years ago, the HCH offered to teach and sponsor a horn class as part of the JHS craft program. The powder horn class is now at full capacity. Last year a leather class was added and due to the lack of space, it is held at a remote location. The Board of Directors at JHS realized that additional space was needed. The barn complex (used for storage) was the least expensive and most logical choice. Support was sought from the CLA, KRA, HCH, Embassy Bank, Northhampton County and several private donations, all graciously supported the renovation project. Three rooms are involved. One will be a 20’X 24’ space for the classes. Another room will be a bathroom and tool and storage area. The third will be a utility room. The permit process is now underway and it is hoped that construction will start this fall. Many of our guild members are familiar with Jacobsburg which is now the location of our annual summer picnic. The event is held in the garden of the J.J. Henry Mansion. Our members are offered tours of the house as well as a visit to the Pennsylvania Longrifle Museum and the Nicholas Hawk gun shop. This is the site of the Bolton Gun Works that was built in 1812 by the Henry family. Today it is 30+ acres of beautiful, rural Pennsylvania. Our summer picnic takes place the Friday evening of Dixon’s Gun Makers Fair which is only 45 min. away. Our summer event is a great opportunity for the members, their friends and families to gather together and socialize. For more information about the Jacobsburg Historical Society, visit www.jacobsburg.org. Sincerely, Frank Willis JM

Scott Morrison at the 2010 HCH Dinner at Jacobsburg.

The Barn Complex at Jacobsburg.


Easy to Make Sterling Silver Powder Horn Butt

HCH member Tim Johnson shares how he created this stunning Sterling Silver butt on his New York F&I map horn in the short article below. If you have any questions, please use the comment form below the article. Thanks.

The Spring Pole Lathe Project – Update Feb. 28, 2011

It is one thing to buy a plan from a trusted source for a gizmo that has been proven to work. It is a whole new ball game to take an idea for a machine and use period building techniques and years of experience to draw-out your own plan. This is what Dick Toone does and then he builds it. I have asked Mr. Toone to keep us abreast on the Spring Pole Lathe Project. Mr. Toone believes it will be ready to use at Ft. Roberdeau. Here is a little teaser on some on the building in process in Mr. Toone’s own words. Thanks Dick for keeping us informed. Best regards, Rick Sheets HCH Webmaster

Spring Pole Lathe - White Oak Uprights

The approximate 3 X 3 post is being relieved 1/2″ to receive one of the two lathe bed rails after the 14 degree dove tail is cut in to match the already cut dovetail on the rail end.  This joining will be glued and pegged for permanent fastening.

Spring Pole Late - Posts

Here is a plank cross-section of 3″ rough-sawn white oak used to make upright posts.  White oak is much more dense and heavy than red oak and was selected for equipment framing like a lathe or printing press, and used extensively in ship building and horse drawn equipment.

Spring Pole Lathe - Joinery

The posts are now all machined and have mortise holes cut to receive cross beams and rails.  The post shown laying over is connected by a “rule joint” that when upright will have a horizontal light weight beam that transfers up and down foot motion from a treadle via rope to the drive mandrel of the lathe, then to one of the light weight beam ends, the other end of which connects to the spring poles at the base of the frame by another piece of rope.  Sounds complicated, but the picture shows the simplicity.  The “rule” joint is an all wooden hinge design with an iron pivot pin.
I will send more photos next week. Dick

Spring Pole Lathe Project Update – We Need Lathe Tools

To be able to demonstrate the Spring Pole Lathe tools will be needed. In particular the following would be basic: (2) Faceplates 3 or 4 inch diameter internal threaded 3/4-16TPI.  Turning tools about 16 inches long: (1) 1/2 inch skew chisel, 1 inch same, 3/8 inch Spindle gouge, 5/8 inch same. (1) 1/2 inch Spear point, (1) 1/2 inch Round Nose Scraper, (1) 1/4 inch Parting Tool, and (1) 3/8 inch Hollowing Tool.

Dick Tonne with some of his wares.

To ensure a better 18th Century presentation, these tools can all be used (not new) and do not have to match.  It would be preferable thay not be shiny chrome for the 18th Century theme. The tools will be stored on a special chest to go with the lathe along with other necessary tools and accessories.  The supply of the tools will be a way for members to participate in the Lathe project. Please bring the tools to the 2011 Annual Meeting now being held at Ft. Roberdeau in Altoona, Pennsylvania. Regards, Dick Toone Project Leader

The Spring Pole Lathe Project – Update Dec. 2010

I asked the project leader, Dick Toone, for an update on the Horn Guild’s spring pole lathe progress. Dick was kind to supply an answer and some musings as well. “Tip In or Tip Out?” Dick takes on this question…. please read on. And by the way, Dick is no stranger to 18th Century practical objects. See his website at www.livinghistoryshop.com Best regards, Rick Sheets

Dick Toone with some of his wares.

While helping oldest son Rick prepare the Thanksgiving turkey, he now relieving his Mother of this duty, he questioned my progress on the Horn Guild lathe.  I brought forth my explanation of the importance of an off-center lathe for horn production from a horn shop and by way of explaining I twirled an original screw tip that hangs over our kitchen fireplace along with an original Peter Gonter rifle.  I told him that John Getz was producing one of the most important pieces (the mandrel) now and am finishing the drawings of the frame. At some point I brought up the fact that the major percentage of the horns were worn on the right side and were horns from the cow’s right side as is my original.  This “fact” comes from years of observation of originals by Roland Cadle and he gives no reason.  My son, Rick, is a luthier and studying 17-18th Century violin makers’  techniques to advance his acoustic guitar knowledge and voiced his opinion that everything in the “pre-modern fastner/manufacturing period” had a reason for use.  I agreed and we deserted the kitchen for the gun shop, there being horns to play with. When I needed a powder horn to use with the first rifle I made in 1977 I, like my buddies chose from a heap of raw horns ones one that fit the contour of my body on the right hand side with the tip snug to the belly.  This was the popular thought of the embryonic trekking period and well before Roland Cadle’s espoused observed knowledge.  Didn’t want to catch that tip running through the brush!  Reinforcing the idea there must be a reason for the shape selection of the powder horn I noted that the professional horn builder in the 18th century would have received an equal amount of left and right horns to work with yet selected the right side for powder horns.  Right handedness was considered correct for eons and children were taught to write with their right hand even if they were left handed.  My observation in Africa and more recent television exposure of other nations eating procedures of using only fingers of their right hand, enhanced by the knowledge that there is no toilet paper in these areas leads me to believe that there is a deep rooted reason buried back in our physic for aversion to left handedness.  In today’s Western Civilization lefties are OK even desired in baseball pitchers. Rick and I then donned horns with “tip in” and “tip out” and observed each other going through the measuring and loading procedure and compared our thoughts.  Shortly, younger son Rob (age 40) stuck his nose up in the gun shop to see if he was missing out on something important like dividing the family fortune (or lack of fortune) and we immediately recruited him into our experiment with no explanation.  (Both of our sons grew up with muzzleloaders as their earliest gun experience.) All of us confirmed that the flow of powder coming out of a “tip out” right side worn horn was easier to control than ‘tip in” – though slightly.  Independent of collaboration both boys thought falling flat head first on a “tip-in” horn would hurt more and were a “tip-out” horn to ever be inverted over a muzzle directly and a flash back occur the full weight of the powder in the horn would be exposed to possible spark rather than a slim trail in the neck leading to the main body of powder.  We cut off  the experimentation in time to get the turkey out of the oven before the ladies found out what we were doing. Dick Toone

The Hartley Horn Drawings, a book review by Rich Pierce

I asked my friend Rich Pierce to write a review of our new publication as Rich has a unique perspective of the Hartley drawings.  Not only is Rich Pierce is a member of the CLA and an amateur gunsmith, horner and accoutrement maker, but a relative of Mr. Hartley himself. Thanks for reading this review. Best regards, Rick Sheets
The Hartley Horn Drawings, Presented by the Honourable Company of Horners A Book Review by Rich Pierce, guest author This new book published in 2010 of powder horn illustrations is unique in several ways.  It presents drawings made in the 1930’s of early, decorated powder horns from the Mohawk River valley of New York state.  Instead of photos of horns, colored drawings of horns are presented as if the “skin” was unwrapped and laid flat so we can visualize the entire horn in one view.  These drawings were painstakingly made by Robert M. Hartley, an amateur historian and archeologist, and represent just one aspect of his contributions to area history and material collections. This 79 page soft cover book, 8 ½” x 11”, in color on glossy paper represents the work of the Honourable Company Horners (HCH), a group of dedicated craftsmen, historians, and collectors.   The book begins with a brief history of that organization, background about the Margaret Reaney Memorial Library and its collections in St. Johnsville, NY where the original drawings are displayed, and a chapter about the techniques employed in drawing powder horns as if they were “unwrapped.” Following this interesting background information, we find drawings of forty horns.   The whereabouts of only a small number of these horns is still known, so for the most part these horns will be new to the reader’s eyes.  In cases where the original horn has been located, photographs of the horn are shown beside the Hartley drawings, offering a real sense of the accuracy of his renditions.  The horns illustrated here offer a rather unique view into history through two lenses.  First, Mr. Hartley wrote what was known of each horn including some history of its original and current owners at the time of drawing in the 1930’s.  Secondly, some drawings are also accompanied by a brief commentary by a Master Horner of the HCH, offering insights about the styling of the horn and its decoration.  The drawings feature horns from the French and Indian War period through the War of 1812.  Several classical map horns of the French and Indian and Revolutionary Wars are illustrated, some appearing to be professionally made and decorated, and others decorated in folk art styles.   Of the important horns included there is a Jacob Gay horn dated 1759; this is his earliest of twenty horns known by his hand.   Many of the horns are simply spectacular; tastefully decorated throughout the body with maps, geometric, floral, or military designs, and sketches of animals and persons of the time.  Two of my personal favorites are the Aaron Putnam horn, 1776, and the John I. Putnam horn dated 1757.  Hartley was able to link a number of the horns to local soldiers who served in the French and Indian and Revolutionary Wars, providing insights into frontier life in the Mohawk and Schoharie Valleys in New York. Following the presentation of the forty horn drawings there is an analysis of the elements of design found on these horns, cataloguing the use of maps, coats of arms, forts, ships, persons, animals, people, etc, showing the most interesting motifs in higher magnification for our study. I found the book to exceed every expectation, though in retrospect I should not be surprised in the least, for the HCH is a company of extraordinary craftsmen and artists who are gifted in design and dedicated to our history.  The layout and design of the book are of first quality and for those who are fascinated by early powder horns, I consider this a “must have” book that will be perused over and over, offering glimpses into our history and a valuable resource for the horners of today and tomorrow. My interest in the Hartley drawings predates the genesis of this fine book.  Robert M. Hartley was my great-uncle; that is, he married my grandfather’s sister, Fannie Pierce.  Around 1960, when I was about seven years old, Aunt Fannie passed away and my grandfather was the executor of her estate.  I accompanied my grandpa as he sorted through the household goods and accompanying farming equipment at the Hartley estate, which we considered a “mansion.”  Robert M. Hartley had lived as a country gentleman-farmer, employing others to do the farm work while he pursued his interests in archeology and history.  Among the many items in their attic were some copies of the Hartley drawings now shown in this new book.   Though I was just seven or eight years old, these black and white copies of magnificent historical horns captured my imagination.  Grandpa said I could have those old papers if I wanted them.  I kept the copies of those drawings with me for decades, hauling them from my childhood home in the Mohawk Valley of New York State to New Jersey, then Missouri as we followed our careers. Around 2005 I was planning another powder horn and looked to my copies of the Hartley drawings for inspiration.  I chose what I call “the Ugly Mermaid Horn”, dated 1757, and inscribed with the name, Daniel Weatherhead.   Hartley’s drawing of this horn is pictured on page 26 of the new book.  In addition to a large figure of a rather unattractive mermaid, this French and Indian War era horn is decorated with floral designs representing seaweed, sea-snakes, and a nice, thick codfish.  I took some liberties as I made my own “Ugly Mermaid Horn” including an unplanned but necessary sheet brass repair fastened over a crack with nails and cutlers resin. I learned that John Proud and other members of the Honourable Company of Horners were planning a book about the Hartley drawings, and was delighted to know that Hartley’s drawings would soon be available for enthusiasts.  I am sure these old drawings will help provide new inspiration for many horners, collectors and historians. -Rich Pierce Click here to order the book from the publisher.

Here is Rich's interpretation of the Daniel Weatherhead horn.

A Spring Pole Lathe in the making for The Horn Guild House.

On September 30, 2010 Guildmaster Ed Long and I made a personal inspection and discussion of use of an original mid-eighteenth century spring pole lathe at Old Salem in Winston-Salem, North Carolina.  The gunsmith manager, Blake Stevenson, and his crew assisted us with discussion of use of components, photography and measurements of all aspects as well as providing photo copies from a 1756 description of lathes by Johann Martin Teuber that is no longer in print.  The old original is of Germanic design American made and was modified and used for more than 150 years. The purpose of the visitation was to gain knowledge from an original lathe so that a similar design could be produced for use in the Horn Guild house next to Jacobsburg Historical Society’s property in Bolton, Pennsylvania. This lathe will be portable and used to reproduce early powder horns with turned elements.  I will undertake the reproduction project and will be assisted by other guild members.  The target date for lathe’s completion is March, just in time for the HCH Convention in Morristown, NJ. I want to thank Blake Stevenson and the staff of Old Salem Museum and Gardens for their help with this undertaking. Old Salem Museum and Gardens is located in Old Salem, North Carolina. Please visit their website by clicking here, www.oldsalem.org. Regards, Dick Toone

Blake Stevenson built lathe from original design and period texts.

Blake Stevenson at the orginal lathe.

Here is an open-air mandrel, the open-air cup and its support.